For new drivers, it can be challenging to drive in new and unfamiliar conditions such as inclement weather, different times of day, or varying traffic volume. It’s best that you are there with your teen to provide guidance in these situations before they experience them on their own.

Night driving

Limited visibility at night makes it difficult to make judgments and see pedestrians, bicyclists, and other obstacles. Some tips to keep in mind:

• Glare from oncoming headlights makes it difficult to see. Looking toward the right side of the road and flipping the rearview mirror to the night setting can help to reduce headlight glare.
• Low-beam headlights should be on at all times, but are required at night.
• High beams should only be used when other drivers won’t see them, such as on isolated roadways with little traffic.
• To compensate for reduced visibility, drive more slowly and at a greater following distance.

Wet/slippery roads

To reduce risk on wet and slippery roads, coach your teen to practice the following:

• Turn on the wipers as soon as the windshield becomes wet.
• Turn on the low-beam headlights; this helps others see you.
• Reduce your speed and increase your following distance to five or six seconds. When roads are wet, braking distance increases. When roads are wet, braking distance increases.
• Be more cautious and slow down on curves and when approaching intersections.
• Turn the defroster on to keep windows from fogging over.

If you must make adjustments while driving, make sure the road ahead is clear before looking down at the dashboard – and look away for only a second or two.

Hydroplaning

Hydroplaning occurs as a result of water on the road that is deeper than the tire tread. This layer of water reduces friction with the tires and you can lose control. If you can see deep water on the road, reflections on the pavement, or if the car ahead leaves no tracks on the water, you could hydroplane. Prevent this by slowing down.

Fog

Use low-beam lights and fog lights if your vehicle has them. Don’t use high beams – they reflect off the fog, causing glare and reduced visibility. Slow down until your speed matches your ability to see, even if it means slowing to a crawl. If needed, get off the road and find a safe place to park.

Snow

It’s best to stay off the roads until they are cleared and treated. If you have to drive, make sure your vehicle is clear of snow and ice before driving. Driving can cause snow/ice to slide and block your view, or fly off and strike other vehicles. Other tips to keep in mind:

• When starting to drive in snow, keep the wheels straight ahead and accelerate gently to avoid spinning the tires.
• Decrease your speed to make up for a loss of traction. Accelerate and decelerate gently, and be extra careful when braking.
• Stopping distances can be much greater in ice and snow. Begin the slowing-down process long before anticipating a stop at an intersection or turn. Try to brake only when traveling in a straight line.
• Look ahead for danger spots, such as shaded areas and bridge surfaces that may be icy when the rest of the road is clear.